<a href="https://prometheus.io/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Prometheus</a> is a very popular and comprehensive systems monitoring solution. It is a standalone open source project and maintained independently of any company. A big plus is the capability to monitor <code>Kubernetes</code> clusters as well, which tend to be pretty complex in nature. Prometheus eases the operational tasks that are required in setting up a monitoring stack.
The <a href="https://github.com/prometheus-community/helm-charts/tree/main/charts/kube-prometheus-stack/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">kube-prometheus-stack</a> is meant for <code>cluster monitoring</code>, so it is <code>pre-configured</code> to collect metrics from all <code>Kubernetes components</code>. In addition to that it delivers a default set of <code>dashboards</code> and <code>alerting</code> rules. Many of the useful dashboards and alerts come from the <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-monitoring/kubernetes-mixin/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">kubernetes-mixin</a> project.
The <code>kube-prometheus-stack</code> consists of three main components:
<ul>
<li><code>Prometheus Operator</code>, for spinning up and managing <code>Prometheus</code> instances in your <code>DOKS</code> cluster.</li>
<li><code>Grafana</code>, for visualizing metrics and plot data using stunning dashboards.</li>
<li><code>Alertmanager</code>, for configuring various notifications (e.g. <code>PagerDuty</code>, <code>Slack</code>, <code>email</code>, etc) based on various alerts received from the Prometheus main server.</li>
</ul>
Prometheus follows a <code>pull</code> model when it comes to metrics gathering, meaning that it expects a <code>/metrics</code> endpoint to be exposed by the service in question for scraping. For every metric that is being fetched by Prometheus, a time series database is used to store the data points.
<code>Grafana</code> helps you gather data points from the Prometheus time series database, and plot everything using beautiful graphs grouped into dashboards. You can also perform queries using the <code>PromQL</code> language. To persist all the data (metrics and various settings), you need to allocate block storage for both Prometheus and Grafana instances via <code>Persistent Volumes</code> (or PVs).
The <a href="https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Alertmanager</a> component handles alerts sent by client applications such as the Prometheus server. It takes care of <code>deduplicating</code>, <code>grouping</code>, and <code>routing</code> them to the correct <code>receiver</code> integration such as <code>email</code>, <code>PagerDuty</code>, or <code>Slack</code>. It also takes care of <code>silencing</code> and <code>inhibition</code> of alerts.
Please make sure to visit the official documentation page for each of the components to learn more:
<ul>
<li><a href="https://prometheus.io/docs/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Prometheus</a>, to learn more about all the available features, as well as various configuration options.</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/main/Documentation/user-guides/getting-started.md" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Prometheus Operator</a>, which provides useful information on how to use the operator.</li>
<li><a href="https://prometheus.io/docs/alerting/latest/alertmanager/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Alertmanager</a>, to learn more about Alertmanager and integrations with various notification platforms.</li>
</ul>
Notes:
<ul>
<li>DigitalOcean is using <code>Helm v3</code> to deploy <code>Prometheus</code> to your <code>DOKS</code> cluster.</li>
<li>This chart was formerly named <code>prometheus-operator</code> chart, now renamed to more clearly reflect that it installs the <code>kube-prometheus</code> project stack, within which <code>Prometheus Operator</code> is only one component.</li>
<li>The Prometheus stack 1-Click App also includes a $1/month block storage for both Grafana and Prometheus time series database (two <code>PVs</code> of <code>5GB</code> each, to start with).</li>
</ul>

kube-prometheus-stack

Prometheus, Grafana, and Alertmanager preinstalled and integrated together on a DigitalOcean Kubernetes Cluster.

DigitalOcean

Kubernetes Monitoring Stack

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Getting started after deploying Kubernetes Monitoring Stack

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